Glossary · Outcomes
Initial public offering (IPO)
Selling shares to the public on a stock exchange for the first time. It turns private shares into liquid stock millions can trade — with heavy rules and ongoing reporting.
Related: Exit · Unicorn · Secondary sale
A bit more nuance▾
- IPOs are rare for early startups; they are a late-stage path.
- Direct listings and SPACs are alternate routes with different tradeoffs.
Go deeper▾
Discussion questions▾
- What would your company need to look like to survive as a public stock?
- Who benefits most from IPO day — employees, founders, or early investors?
Educational reference only — not legal, tax, or investment advice. Terms vary by country and deal; ask a qualified professional when it matters.